Tesla to start securitization through vehicle leases
Tesla
As the Big 3 went on strike, costing Ford, GM and Chrysler billions, Tesla is making big money moves in order to spend more. Tesla has started its grandest lease securitization project to date, which is set to redefine its financing strategy. The company is initiating the securitization of a staggering $1.8 billion worth of its electric vehicle leases, paving a path for a sophisticated financial instrument that can potentially foster the company's growth. This massive cash grab may be needed if rumors of the new production advancements are true.
What Does it Mean?
Tesla has started a process called "securitization." This is a financial strategy where they bundle together many car leases and sell them as bonds to investors. Tesla is packaging $1.8 billion worth of car leases in this case. This strategy allows them to get a large sum of money now instead of waiting for the lease payments to trickle in month by month. This is the same as getting a full year of pay; all you did was promise to do your job for the next year.
Tesla is doing this now because it wants to have more money on hand to create more leasing opportunities for potential Tesla drivers. When they sell these bonds, they will get a large amount of money that they can use to offer more leases to customers, essentially expanding their business, Giga Mexico is coming, and potentially boosting their profits.
By turning leases into bonds, Tesla effectively leverages its existing assets to garner immediate liquidity. This strategy entails the creation of financial instruments backed by the value derived from Tesla’s leases, which are then marketed to investors, offering them a structured debt investment with different tranches of risk and returns. The issuance is segregated into various classes, with ratings spanning from Triple-A to Double-A, targeting a diverse risk appetite of the investors, ranging from conservative to moderate. This is a big money move, considering their Master of Coin has stepped down.
An Established Strategy with a Fresh Magnitude
As the financial specialists monitor the dynamics, there is a consensus on the resilience showcased by U.S. consumers in the wake of the Federal Reserve’s aggressive interest rate hikes. Elon Musk has loudly spoken out about the rate hikes and urged the Fed to reverse the massive increases. Now, Tesla can use the hikes to its advantage as more buyers may be looking for a short-term lease instead of a long-term one, which would lock them into a higher rate for a longer period.
This financial maneuver is not new in Tesla's playbook; however, this issuance marks the largest since the inception of such undertakings in 2014. The issuance of these asset-backed securities is designed to drum up about $1 billion, transforming the vehicle leases into a liquid asset that can foster Tesla's business acumen in navigating the corporate finance landscape.
The proceeds from this strategic financial endeavor can potentially fuel Tesla's ambitious expansion plans, serving as an alternative reservoir of funds apart from the conventional corporate bond market. This comes at a pivotal time when Tesla’s share has seen a remarkable uptick, soaring by 124.1% year-to-date.
Tesla plans to create different groups or "classes" of bonds to sell, with some being safer investments and others offering the potential for higher returns. This strategy is designed to attract a wide variety of investors, including those who prefer to play it safe and others willing to take on a bit more risk for a higher reward.
This strategy seems to be well-received as Tesla's share prices have gone up, indicating that investors have confidence in Tesla's plans. Moreover, people are still very much interested in leasing Tesla cars despite the general rise in interest rates.
Tesla’s been on a roll with Supercharger improvements lately, from the 325kW charging update for the Cybertruck, to 500kW with V4 Superchargers coming next year. While those improvements have been limited to the Cybertruck, Tesla didn’t put all their focus on their new flagship vehicle, but looked at their more affordable vehicles as well.
LFP Battery Heating
Tesla’s Superchargers can now heat LFP Batteries - those that are in the Model 3 and Model Y Rear Wheel Drive variants. This applies to Long Range and Standard Range models, which saw a limited run. This is another update included as part of the 2024 Tesla Holiday Update - which really arrived with a lot of unannounced new features and capabilities.
The change is pretty interesting - Superchargers of the V3 and V4 variety can now pre-heat batteries for Model 3 and Model Y vehicles equipped with LFP battery packs. That means those vehicles are able to get back on the road faster when it's extremely cold. Of course, Tesla still advises you to precondition before you arrive, saving drivers time and money.
Max de Zegher, Tesla’s Director of Charging, also commented on the new feature. Essentially, Tesla is inducing an AC (alternating) ripple current through the battery to warm it up. Keep in mind that Superchargers are DC charging. That means it is possible to get a cold-soaked LFP vehicle on the road 4x faster than before, assuming that it didn’t precondition at all and that it is in the worst-case scenario (below 0ºF).
In essence, Tesla is using some engineering magic to turn the circuits inside the LFP battery into an electric heater - and powering that heater through the Supercharger. An AC ripple current is a small oscillation in the DC charging current that generates heat through electrical resistance, warming up the battery. Those ripples are a byproduct of converting AC to DC and back - so Tesla is using the onboard charger to induce those ripples to warm up the battery. Definitely an innovative technique that’s really only possible with the versatility of the NACS connector.
We’re hoping Tesla can implement this across their full lineup of vehicles, but we’ll have to wait and see how it is trialed across LFP vehicles first and if it is even possible on vehicles with 2170 or 4680 battery packs.
Tesla launched two FSD updates simultaneously on Saturday night, and what’s most interesting is that they arrived on the same software version. We’ll dig into that a little later, but for now, there’s good news for everyone. For Hardware 3 owners, FSD V12.6.1 is launching to all vehicles, including the Model 3 and Model Y. For AI4 owners, FSD V13.2.4 is launching, starting with the Cybertruck.
FSD V13.2.4
A new V13 build is now rolling out to the Cybertruck and is expected to arrive for the rest of the AI4 fleet soon. However, this build seems to be focused on bug fixes. There are no changes to the release notes for the Cybertruck with this release, and it’s unlikely to feature any changes when it arrives on other vehicles.
FSD V12.6.1 builds upon V12.6, which is the latest FSD version for HW3 vehicles. While FSD V12.6 was only released for the redesigned Model S and Model X with HW3, FSD V12.6.1 is adding support for the Model 3 and Model Y.
While this is only a bug-fix release for users coming from FSD V12.6, it includes massive improvements for anyone coming from an older FSD version. Two of the biggest changes are the new end-to-end highway stack that now utilizes FSD V12 for highway driving and a redesigned controller that allows FSD to drive “V13” smooth.
It also adds speed profiles, earlier lane changes, and more. You can read our in-depth look at all the changes in FSD V12.6.
Same Update, Multiple FSD Builds
What’s interesting about this software version is that it “includes" two FSD updates, V12.6.1 for HW3 and V13.2.4 for HW4 vehicles. While this is interesting, it’s less special when you understand what’s happening under the hood.
The vehicle’s firmware and Autopilot firmware are actually completely separate. While a vehicle downloading a firmware update may look like a singular process, it’s actually performing several functions during this period. First, it downloads the vehicle’s firmware. Upon unpacking the update, it’s instructed which Autopilot/FSD firmware should be downloaded.
While the FSD firmware is separate, the vehicle can’t download any FSD update. The FSD version is hard-coded in the vehicle’s firmware that was just downloaded. This helps Tesla keep the infotainment and Autopilot firmware tightly coupled, leading to fewer issues.
What we’re seeing here is that HW3 vehicles are being told to download one FSD version, while HW4 vehicles are being told to download a different version.
While this is the first time Tesla has had two FSD versions tied to the same vehicle software version, the process hasn’t actually changed, and what we’re seeing won’t lead to faster FSD updates or the ability to download FSD separately. What we’re seeing is the direct result of the divergence of HW3 and HW4.
While HW3/4 remained basically on the same FSD version until recently, it is now necessary to deploy different versions for the two platforms. We expect this to be the norm going forward, where HW3 will be on a much different version of FSD than HW4. While each update may not include two different FSD versions going forward, we may see it occasionally, depending on which features Autopilot is dependent on.
Thanks to Greentheonly for helping us understand what happened with this release and for the insight into Tesla’s processes.
