Without fanfare, Tesla has introduced their most refined self-driving computer, Hardware 4.0 (HW4), into the Model Y lineup. It's a surprising move, as it was believed HW4 would roll out with the Model Y redesign. This strategic decision, executed in Tesla’s unique, understated style, follows the quiet integration of HW4 into the luxury Model S and Model X models earlier this year.
This shift came to light thanks to one of our sources, who has provided accurate information in the past. Tesla owner Zack (@BLKMDL3) has now identified multiple Model Y units equipped with fresh hardware at his local delivery center. The distinctive upgraded side repeater and forward-facing cameras indicate HW4 were observed in both Long Range and Performance variants of the Model Y.
Transitioning to the New Standard
Notwithstanding these exciting sightings, numerous Model Ys with the previous hardware was still found at the delivery site. As is customary with Tesla’s approach to hardware rollouts, the full switch to HW4 across all Model Ys will take some time as Tesla factories incorporate these changes.
Source code information connected to a recently manufactured Model Y also confirmed the presence of HW4, designated as "AP HW4". Interestingly, this phased implementation might lead to disparities among Model Y units depending on their manufacturing origin. For instance, those made in China, where no HW4 incorporation has been reported yet, might cause Canadian customers to miss out on the HW4 upgrade.
HW4: Paving the Way for Enhanced Autonomy
Tesla’s HW4 represents the company’s commitment to refine its vision-based self-driving system further, shifting from the previous reliance on a combination of vision and radar sensors. It plays a pivotal role in Tesla’s bold objective to master Full Self-Driving (FSD) by year-end.
Nonetheless, it's worth noting that certain functionalities were not instantly available during the early stages of HW4 deployment. This factor likely played a role in Tesla's decision to delay its introduction of the Model Y. As Tesla continues perfecting HW4, further enhancements are anticipated, including improved handling of complicated maneuvers, such as unprotected turns.
Tesla has introduced hardware 4.0 for the Model Y
BLKMDL3/Twitter
The Hardware Evolution: Comparing HW4 and HW3
Insightful images shared by the Tesla community have provided a comparative look between HW4 and its predecessor, Hardware 3.0 (HW3). Of note, the side repeater cameras on the Model Y with HW4 have noticeably larger lens housings and a wider field of view. This departs from early anticipations, which projected HW4 would introduce additional cameras. Instead, the updated hardware seems to enhance the existing camera system.
What Lies Ahead
The introduction of HW4 into the Model Y marks a remarkable stride in Tesla's commitment to perfecting Full Self-Driving technology. As Tesla continues to develop and refine HW4, it's exciting to envision the transformative potential this holds for the automotive landscape.
While Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s ambitious vision of a Robotaxi fleet may still be some way off, the integration of HW4 in the Model Y undeniably represents a key milestone in that journey. As this revolutionary technology evolves, the world eagerly awaits the exciting advancements it promises to bring to the autonomous driving experience.
Tesla recently launched software update 2025.8.3, which included a bunch of “minor updates.” Nestled away in the release notes are a couple of interesting features - including some major changes to the Energy App.
We’re not quite sure we’d call these minor updates, so let’s take a bit of an exploration of the revitalized Energy App.
The Energy App has received some new categorization features in the Consumption tab. You can once again limit the graph by distance. As part of the 2024 Holiday Update, Tesla redesigned the consumption tab and brought it to the new Model S and Model X for the first time. However, with the redesign, Tesla removed the ability to choose the distance shown in the graph, instead providing a static display of the last 200 miles (300km).
The first part of the improved Energy App is bringing back this distance filter. You can now choose between showing the last 10, 100, or 200 miles (15, 150, or 300 km). This differs from the previous available distances of 5, 15 and 30 miles, but brings back the ability for the driver to choose a distance that may be more applicable to how they’re driving.
We’d love for Tesla to introduce custom distances by pinching and zooming the graph or simply add the ability to choose “This Drive Only” to the list of available distances.
Reset Energy App History
@EV3_Model3 on X
Sadly, the “Instant Range” button that was available in the Energy App before is still not available, but Tesla introduced a new feature that may be even better. You can now clear your driving history so that the graph only reflects your current driving style.
This is a little hidden, but if you tap the little info icon at the top near your average Wh/mi, you’ll now be presented with a dialog that lets you clear your history.
This could be useful if you’ve just come from some hard driving on a track or off-road, where energy consumption could be exaggerated. It could also be useful if you just started towing or a different type of driving that is drastically different from your current driving.
Other Changes
In addition, it looks like future predictions of the Energy app now take into account your driving history and apply that in addition to expected vehicle consumption, weather, altitude, and the multitude of other factors that your Tesla constantly takes into account while calculating your expected range.
While these are smaller improvements to the Energy app, they added some important functionality, as it helps users better understand their vehicle consumption and display data that is more applicable to the current driving style.
This is a great example of Tesla listening to its customers and bringing back features they had previously been removed. Check out the video below by akide on the updated Energy app in update 2025.8.3.
Sandy Munro once again had the opportunity to chat (video below) with Lars Moravy, Tesla’s Vice President of Vehicle Engineering, as well as Franz Von Holzhausen, Tesla’s Chief of Vehicle Design. This time, rather than focusing on the improvements to the refreshed Model Y and all the new engineering behind it, the focus was on Tesla’s autonomous ambitions.
In this case, the Cybercab and Robovan were the key highlights, with a distinct focus on the Cybercab. With that all said, let’s dig into all the fun new stuff. You can check out the entire video at the end of the article.
Cybercab Unboxed Process
The Cybercab will be the first of Tesla’s vehicles to use their new unboxed assembly process, which builds vehicles in parallel sections, and then brings them together all at once for final assembly. Traditionally, vehicles are assembled from the ground up, and sometimes even disassembled for parts of production to take place.
This innovative method involves using a big rear and front casting, brought together by a structural battery pack on the floor. The door rings are hot-stamped and laser-welded to form the side shell of the Cybercab, resulting in a very rigid structure that can also absorb crash impacts due to its unique manufacturing.
Paint-Free Panels
We’ve already talked about the Cybercab’s unique paint-free panels, but we’ve never heard until now exactly how Tesla intends to manufacture them. Tesla will inject colored PU plastic onto the backside of another plastic part (formed from various processes) and then ultrasonically weld that entire piece to an inner part.
That essentially combines multiple parts into one smooth piece that is easy to repair - because all you have to do is remove the entire panel - it just comes off as the interior fasteners are removed. There is no subframe holding it together - instead, the subframe is part of the panel.
The only area of the vehicle that will have any paint will be the hot-stamped door rings - which will be painted to improve corrosion resistance to protect the steel.
Aerodynamics
Aerodynamically, the Cybercab boasts the largest aero-cover-to-wheel ratio of any Tesla vehicle. This updated aero cover improves efficiency, even with the Cybercab’s relatively large tires—chosen to reduce rolling resistance. Interestingly, the impact of unsprung weight on efficiency is minimal compared to the benefits of improved rolling resistance and aerodynamics.
Another key to the aerodynamics is the teardrop shape of the Cybercab itself. With its low profile and smooth shape, it is extremely aerodynamically efficient. While neither Sandy nor Lars delved into drag coefficients, we expect it will likely be more efficient than the Model 3’s already fantastic Cd of 0.219.
Range and Battery Pack
Tesla currently has prototypes undergoing real-world testing at Giga Texas to evaluate range and efficiency. The goal is to ensure the vehicle can operate throughout an entire day in the city before returning to charge.
Tesla is targeting a battery pack under 50kWh, delivering close to 300 miles of real-world range—an impressive efficiency of around 166Wh/mi, even outperforming the Model 3’s lowest at 181Wh/mi.
When Does It Arrive?
So, with all that new knowledge - when does the Cybercab arrive? Well - the prototypes for the June Robotaxi network deployment in Austin are getting prepared now - but Tesla expects to begin production and sales sometime in the first half of 2026.
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